PANCREATIC CALCULI

Pancreatic Calculi

Endoscopic Treatment of Pancreatic Calculi

Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive inflammatory disease that destroys pancreatic parenchyma and alters ductal stricture, leading to ductal destruction and abdominal pain. Pancreatic duct stones (PDSs) are a common complication of chronic pancreatitis that requires treatment to relieve abdominal pain and improve pancreas function. Endoscopic therapy, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESW...

Management of Pancreatic Calculi: An Update

Pancreatolithiasis, or pancreatic calculi (PC), is a sequel of chronic pancreatitis (CP) and may occur in the main ducts, side branches or parenchyma. Calculi are the end result, irrespective of the etiology of CP. PC contains an inner nidus surrounded by successive layers of calcium carbonate. These calculi obstruct the pancreatic ducts and produce ductal hypertension, which leads to pain, the...

Pancreatic stone protein of pancreatic calculi in chronic calcified pancreatitis in man.

CONTEXT The role of protein components of pancreatic secretions has been controversial in pancreatic stone formation. OBJECTIVE To study the lithogenic role of pancreatic stone protein and lactoferrin in stone formation in chronic pancreatitis. PATIENTS Pancreatic stones were collected from 13 patients with alcoholic (n=6) and nonalcoholic (n=7) chronic calcified pancreatitis. MAIN OUTCOM...

Action Calculi III : Higher-order Calculi

This paper extends an arbitrary action calculus [11] to higher order, in a way which parallels the extension of the -calculus [13] to higher order by Sangiorgi [18]. Action calculi are a subclass of action structures [10], which in turn are an enriched class of monoidal categories. Each action calculus AC(K) is distinguished by its set K of controls and their reaction rules. The notion of actio...